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amc2022:groups:start [2022/09/09 21:05] – [Results and Discussion] emilie001amc2022:groups:start [2022/09/10 20:16] – [Conclusion and Outlook] emilie001
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 =====Results and Discussion===== =====Results and Discussion=====
-As described above the building of the system was done stepwise to make sure that the functionality of each part was understood and everything was working correctly. The final set-up included two breadboards because the LCD took up more space than expected. <imgref finalsetup.jpeg|Figure 6shows the exact setup. The first line of LCD displayed the room temperature in Celsius and the hours and minutes. The second line shows the relative humidity in percent and the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in ppm. Due to limited space, the unit could not be displayed. +As described above the building of the system was done stepwise to make sure that the functionality of each part was understood and everything was working correctly. The final set-up included two breadboards because the LCD took up more space than expected. In <imgref finalsetup.jpeg> the exact setup can be seen. The first line of LCD displayed the room temperature in Celsius and the hours and minutes. The second line shows the relative humidity in percent and the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in ppm. Due to limited space, the unit could not be displayed. 
 <imgcaption finalsetup.jpeg| Final set-up (Taken by Emilie Streichsbier)>{{ :amc2022:groups:finalsetup.jpeg?600 }}</imgcaption> <imgcaption finalsetup.jpeg| Final set-up (Taken by Emilie Streichsbier)>{{ :amc2022:groups:finalsetup.jpeg?600 }}</imgcaption>
 The resulting schematics of the final composition can be seen in <imgref roomclimate_sketch_2_schemfinal.png> The resulting schematics of the final composition can be seen in <imgref roomclimate_sketch_2_schemfinal.png>
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   * The relative humidity suddenly was lower than during any test before. Usually varying from 45 to 60% it suddenly never measured a value over 40% even when placed in rooms with higher humidity.   * The relative humidity suddenly was lower than during any test before. Usually varying from 45 to 60% it suddenly never measured a value over 40% even when placed in rooms with higher humidity.
 As the MQ135 heats up significantly when in use this might be an explanation for the changed results of the DHT11. To test that the MQ135 was removed from the breadboard to eliminate the suspected interference. The DHT11 still measured temperatures that were unrealistic. Right next to an open window and an outside temperature of 20°C the sensor showed a temperature of 25°C. Even with the expected margin of error that measurement is not reasonable. The humidity measurements seemed to improve, returning to their previous range between 45 and 60%.\\ As the MQ135 heats up significantly when in use this might be an explanation for the changed results of the DHT11. To test that the MQ135 was removed from the breadboard to eliminate the suspected interference. The DHT11 still measured temperatures that were unrealistic. Right next to an open window and an outside temperature of 20°C the sensor showed a temperature of 25°C. Even with the expected margin of error that measurement is not reasonable. The humidity measurements seemed to improve, returning to their previous range between 45 and 60%.\\
-Additionally, the CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were always above the recommended 1400 ppm. Often the measurement was well over 3000 ppm even after airing out for a long period of time. According to the MQ135 [[https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1509/1638/files/MQ-135_Gas_Sensor_Modul_Datenblatt_AZ-Delivery_Vertriebs_GmbH_94c8b153-6f8e-4696-8cfa-0d8ba832d603.pdf?v=1608535104|datasheet]] the sensor needs a period of up to 48 hours to preheat. But even after over 96 hours without interruption, the measurements were still too high.\\ Additional sources suggested that the MQ135 had to be calibrated by heating up and then measuring and manually correcting the given R<sub>0</sub> in the MQ135 library. After changing the R<sub>0</sub> from originally 76.63 to 45.68 the quality of the measurement did not increase.\\ Lastly, the sensitivity of the sensor module was adjusted by turning the on-board potentiometer on the back of the sensor module. With each change in sensitivity, the sensor ran for at least one hour. Although there was a definite change in the measurements even at the lowest sensitivity the value for the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration was constantly above 1200 ppm at first.\\ After randomly pulling the plug and putting it back in the concentration varied between 250 and 650 ppm at the lowest sensitivity setting. It cannot distinctly be concluded what fixed the sensor’s measurement. Even though the obtained values for the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration seem much more appropiate, it cannot be said for sure whether they are correct or not.+Additionally, the CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were always above the recommended 1400 ppm. Often the measurement was well over 3000 ppm even after airing out for a long period of time. According to the MQ135 [[https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1509/1638/files/MQ-135_Gas_Sensor_Modul_Datenblatt_AZ-Delivery_Vertriebs_GmbH_94c8b153-6f8e-4696-8cfa-0d8ba832d603.pdf?v=1608535104|datasheet]] the sensor needs a period of up to 48 hours to preheat. But even after over 96 hours without interruption, the measurements were still too high.\\ Additional sources suggested that the MQ135 had to be calibrated by heating up and then measuring and manually correcting the given R<sub>0</sub> in the MQ135 library. After changing the R<sub>0</sub> from originally 76.63 to 45.68 the quality of the measurement did not increase. This code was used to obtain the new R<sub>0</sub> displayed in the serial monitor. The value was only changed after the sensor ran for at least 24 hours undisturbed and did not change anymore. 
 +<code c++> 
 +#include "MQ135.h" 
 +void setup (){ 
 +Serial.begin (9600); 
 +
 +void loop() { 
 +MQ135 gasSensor = MQ135(A0); // Attach sensor to pin A0 
 +float rzero = gasSensor.getRZero(); 
 +Serial.println (rzero); 
 +delay(1000); 
 +
 +</code> 
 + 
 +Lastly, the sensitivity of the sensor module was adjusted by turning the on-board potentiometer on the back of the sensor module. With each change in sensitivity, the sensor ran for at least one hour. Although there was a definite change in the measurements even at the lowest sensitivity the value for the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration was constantly above 1200 ppm at first.\\ After randomly pulling the plug and putting it back in the concentration varied between 350 and 1000 ppm at the lowest sensitivity setting. It cannot distinctly be concluded what improved the sensor’s measurements. Even though the obtained values for the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration seem much more appropriate, it cannot be said for sure whether they are correct or not.
 =====Conclusion and Outlook===== =====Conclusion and Outlook=====
 All in all, the system is functional. The communication between the sensors, the microcontroller and the LCD is working. It is unsure how accurate the obtained measurements are but as it is the system could be used as tool to give meaningful information and improve indoor air quality.\\ All in all, the system is functional. The communication between the sensors, the microcontroller and the LCD is working. It is unsure how accurate the obtained measurements are but as it is the system could be used as tool to give meaningful information and improve indoor air quality.\\
-Building and expanding the system stepwise helped to understand the different components and the code better. If this same project had to be recreated a bigger LCD and a more controllable environment to calibrate and set-up the gas sensor would be recommended. The bigger LCD would increase the accessibility and even more variables could be displayed. Additionally, things like the unit of CO<sub>2</sub> concentration could be included with no problem.+Building and expanding the system stepwise helped to understand the different components and the code better. If this same project had to be recreated a bigger LCD and a more controllable environment to calibrate and set-up the gas sensor would be recommended. The bigger LCD would increase the accessibility and even more variables could be displayed. Additionally, things like the unit of CO<sub>2</sub> concentration could be included with no problem.\\ 
 + 
 +====Video==== 
 + 
 + 
  
  
 =====References===== =====References=====
 +  * https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1509/1638/files/MQ-135_Gas_Sensor_Modul_Datenblatt_AZ-Delivery_Vertriebs_GmbH_94c8b153-6f8e-4696-8cfa-0d8ba832d603.pdf?v=1608535104
 +  * https://circuitdigest.com/article/16x2-lcd-display-module-pinout-datasheet
 +  * https://elektro.turanis.de/html/prj060/index.html
 +  * https://epow0.org/~amki/car_kit/Datasheet/ELEGOO%20UNO%20R3%20Board.pdf
 +  * https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/758/DHT11-Technical-Data-Sheet-Translated-Version-1143054.pdf
 +  * https://www.olimex.com/Products/Components/Sensors/Gas/SNS-MQ135/resources/SNS-MQ135.pdf
 +  * https://www.roboter-bausatz.de/projekte/dht11-temperatur-sensor-per-arduino-auslesen
 +  * https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Components/DS1307.pdf
 +  * https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/pdfs/kohlendioxid_2008.pdf
 +
amc2022/groups/start.txt · Last modified: 2022/09/10 23:57 by emilie001