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 Soil Moisture refers to the amount of water contained or held within the soils. It is regarded as a measure of soil health and is a key climate variable. Soil moisture is affected by precipitation, temperature, soil characteristics and many other variables which play a part in the environment. It plays an important role in the development of plants and their performance. The availability of fertile soils does not guarantee healthy thriving plants, if the soil moisture present does not meet the requirements of the plant to optimize its daily operations. According to an article by Greenway Biotech, the optimum soil moisture level which the plants need for survival ranges between 20% to 60%.
-Soil moisture is major variable in plant functions. It acts as a solvent where nutrients and minerals are broken down for easy absorption by the roots the plant. It provides turgidity which gives the plant true stability and positioning. It further controls the exchange of heat energy and water between the land surface and the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. Furthermore soil moisture plays a crucial role in the development of weather patterns and the formation of precipitation. As a result soil moisture information can be taken into consideration for reservoir management, early warning of droughts, irrigation scheduling and crop yield forecasting.
+Soil moisture is major variable in plant functions. It acts as a solvent where nutrients and minerals are broken down for easy absorption by the roots of plant. It provides turgidity which gives the plant true stability and positioning. It further controls the exchange of heat energy and water between the land surface and the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. Furthermore soil moisture plays a crucial role in the development of weather patterns and the formation of precipitation. As a result soil moisture information can be taken into consideration for reservoir management, early warning of droughts, irrigation scheduling and crop yield forecasting.
 As soil moisture availability declines, the functionality and growth of plants is disrupted resulting in lower crop yields. As the climate changes, moisture availability is becoming more variable. As a result the automatic plant watering system project takes into account the measurement of soil moisture of house plants by a capacitive soil moisture sensor. If the soil moisture values obtained by the sensor are below a certain value the sensor will automatically turn on the water pump which is responsible for delivering the water requirements of the plant until the optimum moisture content is achieved by the soil.
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  === Materials and Methods ===
 The following materials and components were brought together to drive the project.
+•	Arduino Uno R3
+•	ESP32 Wrover-B  Module
 •	Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor
 •	5V water submersible pump
+•	2N2222 NPN Transistor
+•	Breadboard
 •	Jump Wires
-•	ESP32 Wrover-B module
-•	2N222 NPN Transistor