soil_sampler:start
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soil_sampler:start [2021/08/06 17:37] – add Summit and FarmRobot pictures and description jeff001 | soil_sampler:start [2022/04/20 10:09] (current) – add video of jeff001 | ||
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- | ====== | + | ====== Soil sampling |
- | + | ||
- | This project will also serve as Jeff's bachelor thesis. | + | |
===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== | ||
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==== Nitrogen in crop management ==== | ==== Nitrogen in crop management ==== | ||
- | Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth, consequently, | + | Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth, consequently, |
==== Efficient nitrogen fertilization ==== | ==== Efficient nitrogen fertilization ==== | ||
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Soil samples are usually carried out by external services or farmers, while soil nitrate content analysis is usually carried out ex-situ in a laboratory. Mineralization of soil samples is a particular problem when they are not properly cooled during storage and shipping, which can lead to erroneous values in the analysis result. On the other hand, if the samples are frozen, thawing can substantially increase the nitrate content, producing incorrect information on the condition of the soil (Esala, 1994). Also, the need to send soil samples to a laboratory means that the farmer may have to wait for several days to receive the results. | Soil samples are usually carried out by external services or farmers, while soil nitrate content analysis is usually carried out ex-situ in a laboratory. Mineralization of soil samples is a particular problem when they are not properly cooled during storage and shipping, which can lead to erroneous values in the analysis result. On the other hand, if the samples are frozen, thawing can substantially increase the nitrate content, producing incorrect information on the condition of the soil (Esala, 1994). Also, the need to send soil samples to a laboratory means that the farmer may have to wait for several days to receive the results. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Ground water pollution map - NRW ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen – State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia – (LANUV NRW) determined the areas polluted with nitrate implementing the methodological specifications according to AVV GeA (§§ 4-10) in that region of Germany. During the study it has been found relevant the measuring points influenced by agriculture, | ||
==== Project proposal ==== | ==== Project proposal ==== | ||
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The purpose of this project is the development of the prototype of an automated soil sampler and solution mixer machine that prepares the soil for a later soil nitrate content analysis in-situ; consisting of two main mechanisms: | The purpose of this project is the development of the prototype of an automated soil sampler and solution mixer machine that prepares the soil for a later soil nitrate content analysis in-situ; consisting of two main mechanisms: | ||
- | (i) A soil sampling mechanism, which is able to: (a) take samples from a depth of 1 to 2 feet to suit different crops, and (b) collect the sample for the next step. | + | i) A soil sampling mechanism, which is able to: a) take samples from a depth of 1 to 2 feet to suit different crops, and b) collect the sample for the next step. |
- | (ii) A solution mixer mechanism, which: | + | ii) A solution mixer mechanism, which: a) adds an extractant to the soil sample, b) has a water container c) mixes the solution so that it is prepared for a further nitrate content analysis, and d) disposes |
- | A completely automated system for nitrate content analysis in situ is going to provide the farmer quicker and more accurate results (based on the avoidance of the problems associated with the traditional ex-situ process). Since the mechanism | + | A completely automated system for nitrate content analysis in-situ can provide the farmer |
This machine has its own platform on which it is mounted, then it can be carried by any vehicle through the field. A data analysis system would be part of the nitrate test system itself. | This machine has its own platform on which it is mounted, then it can be carried by any vehicle through the field. A data analysis system would be part of the nitrate test system itself. | ||
- | ===== Design | + | ===== Pre-tests |
- | Sampling: | + | A test has been made to check the behavior of a drill to get familiar with the process |
- | * Up and Down system: Rack and pinion | + | Soil type: Clayey |
- | * Sampling tool: Drill | + | |
- | * Sampling tool rotation: DC motor | + | |
- | ==== Rovers ==== | + | Place: GreenFabLab, |
+ | Date: 16/ | ||
- | Rovers available at the Hochschule Rhein-wall to develop or test the mechanism. | + | **Materials: |
- | === Summit-XL === | + | 1. Drill:\\ |
+ | - Brand and model: Bosch GSR 18V-21\\ | ||
+ | - Torque: 21/55Nm | ||
- | The [[https:// | + | 2. Drill bit:\\ |
+ | - Diameter: 32mm\\ | ||
+ | - Length: 500mm | ||
- | Dimensions: 720 x 614 x 416 mm\\ | + | {{:soil_sampler:drill1.jpg? |
- | Weight: 65 Kg\\ | + | |
- | Payload: 65 Kg\\ | + | |
- | Speed: 3 m/s\\ | + | |
- | Environment: | + | |
- | Autonomy: 10 h | + | |
- | {{:soil_sampler: | + | **Process:** |
- | === Farm robot === | + | The first time, I got to drill 30cm depth.\\ |
+ | {{: | ||
- | Developed in the FabLab _ Hochschule Rhein-Waal, the [[http://wiki.fablab-kali.de/ | + | The second time, I got to drill 50cm, which is the total length of the bit.\\ |
+ | {{:soil_sampler: | ||
- | {{:soil_sampler: | + | **Outlook:** |
- | ==== Soil sampling mechanism==== | + | During this test, it was remarkable that [with this amount of torque and these soil conditions] it is not possible to take a soil sample by drilling more than 30 centimeters deep in one go, separating the total depth on multiple phases would be a good an alternative to increasing torque in this case. |
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Design | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sampling: | ||
+ | * Up and Down system: Rack and pinion | ||
+ | * Sampling tool: Auger | ||
+ | * Sampling tool rotation: DC motor | ||
It is made of two parts: (i) a vertical motion sub-mechanism that is going to move the (ii) drilling mechanism which basically consists of a tool to drill down the soil. | It is made of two parts: (i) a vertical motion sub-mechanism that is going to move the (ii) drilling mechanism which basically consists of a tool to drill down the soil. | ||
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* Sampling tool rotation: DC motor + gearbox | * Sampling tool rotation: DC motor + gearbox | ||
- | **A.2.1.1 Draft of concept** | + | === Mechanism draft === |
- | {{: | + | {{: |
- | + | ||
- | [[https:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **A.2.1.2 Adaptation to vehicle** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | {{: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | How it would look like on the FarmRobot: | + | |
- | {{: | + | |
- | [[https:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | 23/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === A.3 V3 - No-rover design === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | {{: | + | |
By checking //other projects// I had the idea of not doing it on a specific rover (the FarmRobot as it was exposed the last time), but doing it on a separated frame exclusive for it, that way it can be carried by any vehicle, whether the FarmRobot, the Summit (the one at the GreenFabLab), | By checking //other projects// I had the idea of not doing it on a specific rover (the FarmRobot as it was exposed the last time), but doing it on a separated frame exclusive for it, that way it can be carried by any vehicle, whether the FarmRobot, the Summit (the one at the GreenFabLab), | ||
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I also add this draft describing the parts that will be part of the Up-Down sub-mechanism for the soil sampling mechanism. | I also add this draft describing the parts that will be part of the Up-Down sub-mechanism for the soil sampling mechanism. | ||
- | {{: | + | === Animation of 3D model === |
+ | {{: | ||
+ | < | ||
==== Solution mixer mechanism ==== | ==== Solution mixer mechanism ==== | ||
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* I consider using the sampling tool also to mix the solution, which will be cleared through future tests and continuous research. | * I consider using the sampling tool also to mix the solution, which will be cleared through future tests and continuous research. | ||
* It could be partly merged with the Soil sampling part using the container for the sample as a container for mixing the solution using the same sampling tool. | * It could be partly merged with the Soil sampling part using the container for the sample as a container for mixing the solution using the same sampling tool. | ||
+ | --> | ||
- | ===== References | + | ===== Rovers |
- | Anbessa, Yadeta & Juskiw, Patricia (2012). Review: Strategies | + | Rovers available at the Hochschule Rhein-wall |
- | Andreas Möller, Sven Altfelder, Hans Werner Müller, Talal Darwish & Gilani Abdelgawad. (2003) | + | === Summit-XL === |
- | Esala, Martti. | + | The [[https:// |
- | ===== Notes ===== | + | Dimensions: |
+ | Weight: 65 Kg\\ | ||
+ | Payload: 65 Kg\\ | ||
+ | Max. speed: 3 m/s\\ | ||
+ | Environment: | ||
+ | Autonomy: 10 h | ||
- | **Tests** | + | {{: |
- | [[soil_sampler: | + | === Farm robot === |
- | **Bill of Materials** | + | Developed in the FabLab_HSRW-KaLi, |
- | [[https:// | + | {{:soil_sampler: |
- | **Thesis files** | + | ===== Tests ===== |
- | [[https://docs.google.com/document/d/ | + | ==== Prototype in development ==== |
+ | |||
+ | Taking advantage of Digital fabrication technologies, | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{:soil_sampler: | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Function demonstration ==== | ||
+ | | {{youtube> | ||
+ | | //Vid.: Soil sampler prototype - Function demonstration. by Jefferson Sandoval// | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== References ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Anbessa, Yadeta & Juskiw, Patricia (2012). Review: Strategies to increase nitrogen use efficiency of spring barley. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences. 92(2): | ||
+ | |||
+ | Andreas Möller, Sven Altfelder, Hans Werner Müller, Talal Darwish & Gilani Abdelgawad. (2003) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Esala, Martti. (1994). Deep‐freezing pretreatment and time of extraction of soil samples for inorganic nitrogen determination. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 25(5-6): | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Notes ===== | ||
**Rolf' | **Rolf' |
soil_sampler/start.txt · Last modified: 2022/04/20 10:09 by jeff001